Experimental investigation of high-power single-pass Raman shifters in the ultraviolet with Nd:YAG and KrF lasers

Applied Optics

Volumn 36, Issue 21, 1997, Pages 5026-5043

  De Schoulepnikoff, Laurent ^a   Mitev, Valentin ^a   Simeonov, Valentin ^b   Calpini, Bertrand ^b   Van den Bergh, Hubert ^b  

^a Observatory of Neuchatel   (Switzerland)

^b EPFL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Beam quality; Differential absorption lidar in the UV; Four wave mixing; Stimulated Raman scattering; UV Raman shifter

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000052776     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.36.005026     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. 2, ”IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 1292-1298 (1990).
2. W. B. Grant, E. V. Browell, N. S. Higdon, and S. Ismail, “Raman shifting of KrF laser radiation for tropospheric ozone measurements, ” Appl. Opt. 30, 2628-2633 (1991).
3. J. A. Sunesson, A. Apituley, and D. P. J. Swart, “Differential absorption lidar system for routine monitoring of tropospheric ozone, ” Appl. Opt. 33, 7045-7058 (1994).
4. S. E. Bisson, “Parametric study of an excimer-pumped, nitrogen Raman shifter for lidar applications, ” Appl. Opt. 34, 3406-3412 (1995).
5. 4 for lidar aerosol measurements, ” Appl. Opt. 30, 4350-4357 (1991).
6. C. Higgs, J. A. Russell, D. W. Trainor, T. Roberts, E. D. Ariel, B. E. Player, B. W. Nicholson, M. J. Smith, and L. C. Bradley, “Adaptive-optics compensation in a Raman amplifier configuration, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 934-941 (1990).
7. B. W. Nicholson, J. A. Russel, D. W. Trainor, T. Roberts, and C. Higgs, “Phasefront preservation in high-gain Raman amplification, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 1285-1291 (1990).
8. D. W. Trainor, “Military excimer-laser technology seeks real-word uses, ” Laser Focus World 29(6), 143-149 (1993).
9. J. Bosenberg, ed., “Tropospheric environmental studies by laser sounding, ” Final report to the project EUROTRAC/TESLAS (Max-Planck Institut fur Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany, 1996).
10. K. Sentrayan, A. Michael, and V. Kushawaha, “Design of a compact blue-green stimulated hydrogen Raman shifter, ”Appl. Phys. B 62, 479-483 (1996).
11. 2, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18, 1929-1934 (1982).
12. A. Luches, V. Nassisi, and M. R. Perrone, “Improved conversion efficiency of XeCl radiation to the first Stokes at high pump energy, ” Appl. Phys. B 47, 101-105 (1988).
13. J. A. Sunesson and A. Apituley, “RIVM tropospheric ozone lidar, report II: system description and first results, ” RIVM Rep. 222201006 (Dutch National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, May 1991).
14. U. Kempfer, W. Carnuth, R. Lotz, and T. Trickl, “A wide-range UV lidar system for tropospheric ozone measurements: de velopment and application, ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 3145-3164 (1994).
15. J. C. van den Heuvel, F. J. M. van Putten, and R. J. L. Lerou, “Quality of the Stokes beam in stimulated Raman scattering, ”IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2211-2219 (1994).
16. D. Diebel, M. Bristow, and R. Zimmermann, “Stokes shifted laser lines in KrF-pumped hydrogen: reduction of beam divergence by addition of helium, ” Appl. Opt. 30, 626-628 (1991).
17. X. Cheng and T. Kobayashi, “Raman wave front of higherorder Stokes and four-wave-mixing processes, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 5, 2363-2367 (1988).
18. X. Cheng, R. Wang, Q. Lou, and Z. Wang, “Investigation ofthe Raman wavefront of higher-order Gaussian-Hermite modes, ”Opt. Commun. 64, 67-71 (1987).
19. See, e.g., J. Reintjes, R. H. Lehmberg, R. S. F. Chang, M. T. Duignan, and G. Calame, “Beam cleanup with stimulated Raman scattering in the intensity-averaging regime, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 1408-1427 (1986).
20. L. Schoulepnikoff and V. Mitev, “Numerical method for the modeling of high-gain single-pass cascade stimulated Raman scattering in gases, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 14, 62-75 (1997).
21. L. Schoulepnikoff and V. Mitev, “High-gain single-pass stimulated Raman scattering and four-wave-mixing in a focused beam geometry: numerical study, ” Pure Appl. Opt. 6, 227-302 (1997).
22. 2 gas at 248 nm, ” Appl. Opt. 35, 3183-3184 (1996).
23. D. C. Hanna, M. A. Yuratich, and D. Cotter, Nonlinear Optics of Free Atoms and Molecules (Springer, Berlin, 1979).
24. 2, ”J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 677-682 (1986).
25. D. A. Russel and W. B. Roh, “High-resolution CARS measurement of Raman linewidths of deuterium, ” J. Mol. Spectrosc. 124, 240-242 (1987).
26. 4 in the 1-50 atm region by inverse Raman spectroscopy, ” Chem. Phys. Lett. 91, 299-302 (1982).
27. W. K. Bischel and G. Black, “Wavelength dependence of the Raman scattering cross section from 200-600 nm, ” in Excimer Lasers—1983, C. K. Rhodes, H. Egger, H. Pummer, eds. (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1983), pp. 181-187.
28. C.-S. Wang, “Theory of stimulated Raman scattering, ” Phys. Rev. 182, 482-494 (1969).
29. R. J. Heeman and H. P. Godfried, “Gain reduction measurements in transient stimulated Raman scattering, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 31, 358-364 (1995).
30. D. Cotter, D. C. Hanna, and R. Wyatt, “Infrared stimulated Raman generation effects of gain focusing on threshold and tuning behaviour, ” Appl. Phys. 8, 333-340 (1975).
31. G. C. Bjorklund, “Effects of focusing on third-order nonlinear processes in isotropic media, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 11, 287-296 (1975).
32. J. Bartels, H. Borchers, H. Hausen, K.-H. Hellwege, K. L. Schafer, and E. Schmidt, Landolt-Bornstein Zahlenwerte und Funktionen (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1962), pp. 6.871-6.885.
33. E. W. Washburn, ed., International Critical Tables of Numerical Data, Physics, Chemistry and Technology (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1930), Vol. VII, pp. 1-11.
34. G. Herzberg, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure, 2nd ed. (Krieger, Malabar, Fla., 1989), Vol. 1, Chap. VII.
35. 0 He computed via close coupling: temperature dependence, ” J. Chem. Phys. 73, 3223-3231(1980).
36. 2-rare gas mixtures, ” Chem. Phys. Lett. 74, 467-471(1980).
37. 4, ” J. Chem. Phys. 87, 1001-1011 (1987).
38. A. E. Siegman, M. W. Sasnett, and T. F. Johnston, “Choice of clip levels for beam width measurements using knife-edge techniques, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1098-1104(1991).
39. C. G. Morgan, “Laser-induced electrical breakdown of gases, ” in Electrical Breakdown of Gases, J. M. Meek and J. D. Craggs, eds. (Wiley, New York, 1978), pp. 717-736.
40. D. R. Lide, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 74th ed. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1993), pp. 10-205-10-226.
41. J. R. Murray, J. Goldhar, D. Eimerl, and A. Szoke, “Raman pulse compression of excimer lasers for application to laser fusion, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15, 342-368 (1979).
42. J. C. van den Heuvel, F. J. M. van Putten, and R. J. L. Lerou, “Experimental and numerical study of stimulated Raman scattering in an astigmatic focus, ” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 2267-2272 (1993).