Convenient Route for the Synthesis of Transition-Metal Pnictides by Direct Reduction of Phosphate, Arsenate, and Antimonate Precursors

Chemistry of Materials

Volumn 9, Issue 10, 1997, Pages 2113-2116

  Gopalakrishnan, J ^a   Pandey, Sonal ^a   Rangan, K Kasthuri ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000038302     PISSN: 08974756     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cm970175g     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. (a) Solid State Chemistry: Compounds; Cheetham, A. K., Day, P., Eds.; Clarendon: Oxford, 1992.
2. (b) DiSalvo, F. J. Science 1990, 247, 649.
3. (c) Rao, C. N. R.; Gopalakrishnan, J. New Directions in Solid State Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1997.
4. (a) Goodenough, J. B. Prog. Solid State Chem. 1971, 5, 149-399.
5. (b) Rao, C. N. R. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1989, 40, 291-326.
6. Weast, R. C., Ed. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 68th ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1987; pp D:33-37.
7. (a) Sleight, A. W. Science 1988, 242, 1519.
8. (b) Cava, R. J. Science 1990, 247, 656.
9. (a) Hulliger, F. Struct. Bonding 1968, 4, 83.
10. (b) Goodenough, J. B. J. Solid State Chem. 1972, 5, 144.
11. (b) Hulliger, F. In Structure and Bonding in Crystals; O'Keeffe, M., Navrotsky, A., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1981; Vol. 2, pp 297-352.
12. Nitrides are however different from other pnictides in that they do not in general form polyanionic compounds, although azides are exceptions. See, for example: (a) Brese, N. E.; O'Keeffe, M. Struct. Bonding 1992, 97, 307-378. (b) DiSalvo, F. J.; Clarke, S. J. Curr. Opinion Solid State Mater. Sci. 1996, 1, 241-249.
13. Nitrides are however different from other pnictides in that they do not in general form polyanionic compounds, although azides are exceptions. See, for example: (a) Brese, N. E.; O'Keeffe, M. Struct. Bonding 1992, 97, 307-378. (b) DiSalvo, F. J.; Clarke, S. J. Curr. Opinion Solid State Mater. Sci. 1996, 1, 241-249.
14. Wells, A. F. Structural Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Clarendon: Oxford, 1986; pp 267-268.
15. Jeitschko, W.; Brown, D. J. Acta Crystallogr. 1977, B33, 3401.
16. (a) Meisner, G. P. Physica B 1981, 108, 763.
17. (b) DeLong, L. F.; Meisner, G. P. Solid State Commun. 1985, 53, 119.
18. Meisner, G. P.; Torikachvili, M. S.; Yang, K. N.; Maple, M. B.; Guertin, R. P. J. Appl. Phys. 1985, 57, 3073.
19. Seles, B. C.; Mandrus, D.; Williams, R. K. Science 1996, 272, 1325.
20. (a) von Schnering, H. G. In Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry; King, R. B. Ed. John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 1994; Vol. 6, pp 3110-3115.
21. (b) Kjekshus, A. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 411.
22. (c) Kjekshus, A.; Rakke, T.; Andersen, A. F. Acta Chem. Scand. 1974, 28, 996.
23. (a) Corbett, J. D. In Solid State Chemistry-Techniques; Cheetham, A. K., Day, P., Eds.; Clarendon: Oxford, 1987; pp 1-38.
24. (b) Rao, C. N. R.; Gopalakrishnan, J. Acc. Chem. Res. 1987, 20, 228.
25. (c) Stein, A.; Keller, S. W.; Mallouk, T. E. Science 1993, 259, 1558.
26. 7 to FeP seems to be the only definitive report in the literature of hydrogen reduction of a phosphate to a phosphide. See: von Schnering, H. G.; Hönle, W. Chem. Rev. 1988, 88, 243.
27. Electrolytic reduction of fused salts containing alkali-metal phosphates/arsenates and transition-metal oxides and/or chlorides is known to yield transition-metal phosphides and arsenides. See: Wold, A.; Bellavance, D. In Preparative Methods in Solid State Chemistry; Hagenmuller, P., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1972; pp 279-307.
28. (a) Wiley, J. B.; Kaner, R. B. Science 1992, 225, 1093.
29. (b) Gillan, E. G.; Kaner, R. B. Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 333-343.
30. 4: Kierkegaard, P.; Westerland, M. Acta Chem. Scand. 1964, 18, 2217.
31. 2O: Kierkegaard, P. Acta Chem. Scand. 1960, 14, 657.
32. 2O (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni): Carling, S. G.; Day, P.; Visser, D. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3917.
33. 4: Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns, NBS Monograph 25, Section 15; U.S. Department of Commerce, 1978; p 33.
34. 2O: Johnson, J. W.; Jacobson, A. J.; Brody, J. F.; Rich, S. M. Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 3820.
35. 4: Mooney, R. C. L. Acta Crystallogr. 1956, 9, 728.
36. 6: Taylor, J. B.; Heyding, R. D. Can. J. Chem. 1958, 36, 597.
37. 6: Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns, NBS Monograph 25, Section 5; U.S. Department of Commerce, 1967; p 26.
38. 3CN for 3 days.
39. 6.
40. Losocha, W.; Lewinski, K. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 1994, 27, 437.
41. Rundqvist, S.; Lundstrom, T. Acta Chem. Scand. 1963, 17, 37.
42. (a) FeP: Kjekshus, S. K. Acta Chem. Scand. 1972, 26, 1276.
43. 2P: Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Paterns, NBS Monograph 25, Section 18; U.S. Department of Commerce, 1981; p 32.
44. 2P: Nowotny, H.; Henglein, E. Z. Phys. Chem. 1938, 40, 281.
45. 2P: Fujii, H.; Komura, S.; Takeda, T.; Okamoto, T.; Ito, Y.; Akimitsu, J. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1979, 46, 1616.
46. Shriver, D. F.; Atkins, P. W.; Langford, C. H. Inorganic Chemistry; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1991; p 337.
47. Reference 3, p D:158.