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For recent examples, see: (a) Uchiyama, K.; Hayashi, Y.; Narasaka, K. Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 8915.
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Radical annulation is defined as a radical addition-cyclization sequence initiated by an intermolecular radical addition reaction. For examples of radical annulation with carbon-centered radicals, see: (a) Cekovic, Z.; Saicis, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1986, 27, 5893.
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0041795021
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note
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The use of THF or ether as a reaction solvent decreased the yields of the cyclization products. The reaction in water provided only the reduction product (N-allyltosytamide).
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35
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0041294481
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note
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General Procedure. A solution of triethylborane (0.05 mL, 1.0 M hexane solution, 0.05 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of chlorotosylamide 1d (123 mg, 0.5 mmol) and styrene (0.11 mL, 1.0 mmol) in benzene (1.5 mL) at room temperature. After the mixture was stirred for 3 h, solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Purification of the residual oil by chromatography afforded 3-chloromethyl-4-phenyl-1-tosylpyrrolidine (168 mg, 0.48 mmol) in 96% yield.
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note
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Typically, 10-20 equiv of alkenyl partners were employed.
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0042296186
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note
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The reaction of 1d with cyclohexene or 5-dodecene afforded N-allyltosylamide in quantitative yield. The rate of the radical addition to internal alkenes should be slow, and the abstraction of allylic hydrogen would be predominant.
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